|
The Strategic Air Forces Command (Commandement des forces aérienne stratégiques) (CoFAS) is a command of the French Air Force. It was created on 14 January 1964 and is responsible for the use of nuclear weapons. The headquarters was formerly at Taverny Air Base, but has now moved to Vélizy – Villacoublay Air Base. ''Général de corps aérien'' Patrick Charaix is the current commander.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Lieutenant General Patrick Charaix )〕 This is the equivalent of a lieutenant-general's position. He took command in 2012, after a year as the deputy commander. He took over from General Paul Fouilland, in command from 2007-2012. == History == The first nuclear alert by a Dassault Mirage IV, supported by a Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker tanker took place on 8 October 1964, armed with AN-11 nuclear bombs. This date marks the beginning of the operational duty of the French ''Force de Frappe'' (Strike Force). It was planned between 1958 and 1961 that the aircraft carrier ''Verdun'' be built to deploy bombers at sea. Initially, the ''Force de Frappe'' consisted of only of the 92 Bombardment Wing (Escadre), established in 1955 and operating 40 Sud Aviation Vautour IIB bombers.〔Gunston, Bill. Bombers of the West. New York: Charles Scribner's and Sons; 1973. p105〕 These were considered marginal for a strategic bomber role and work began almost immediately on a replacement. In May 1956 a requirement for what became the Dassault Mirage IV bomber was drawn up;〔 this bomber was designed to carry nuclear gravity bombs over targets in the Eastern bloc at supersonic speeds and was declared operational in October 1964. It has been modernized since then. The Mirage IV-P version armed with the ASMP-A missile entered service in 1986. All bomber versions of the Mirage IV retired in 1996 and replaced by Mirage 2000N (entering service from 1988). In May 1964, Genéral Marie, FAS commander, was replaced by Général Philippe Maurin, former commander of the Tactical Air Forces (FATAC) and French Air Force chief of staff in 1967. The mission of the Mirage IV was, beginning with a supersonic high altitude flight (Mach 1.95 at 18,000 m), to deliver a nuclear bomb in as stealthy a way as possible (to a target determined by its own geographical location), with a circular error probable (CEP) of 90% (), regardless of the distance travelled. Several penetration axes at high altitude and with in-flight refuelling against the USSR were established : one via the north via the Baltic Sea allowing attacks on Murmansk or the capital Moscow, the other via the south via the Bosphorus allowing attacks on targets in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics like Novorossiisk and Odessa or Sevastopol (Ukraine)〔According to André Dumoulin, « La dissuasion nucléaire française en posture méditerranéenne », dans ''Revue du RMES'', volume II, No. 1, Bruxelles, 2005 (http://www.rmes.be/Cahiers%20du%20RMES%203.pdf), la préférence donnée aux 4 bases in the Southern region lors d'exercices à grande vitesse Méditerranée (GVM) (Mediterranean High Speed) which were dictated by the weak radius of action of the Mirage IV, la longueur de leurs pistes permettant le décollage à pleine charge des C-135F, the risks de ravitaillement au-dessus de la Baltic Sea et le souhait d’éloigner la menace de frappe désarmante venant de l’Est visant les bases aériennes de la région Nord. The most likely scénario was probably a flight of km le long des atterrages nord de la Mediterranéan Sea, a last in-flight refueling over the Aegean Sea, before a vol de pénétration flight at high then low altitudes avant d’atteindre des cibles en Russie du sud, en Ukraine et en allonge extrême the city of Moscow. Des ciblages secondaires et anti-forces pouvaient probably impliquer the Soviet installations in North Africa (Algéria, Égypt, Libya) and in Syria.〕 and one last without refueling in flight allowing attacks on the Eastern Bloc, not as far as the USSR.〔According to certain sources concordantes telles Hervé Beaumont, « Mirage IV : le bombardier stratégique : histoire du vecteur aérien piloté de la force de dissuasion nucléaire française », Larivière, coll. « Docavia », Paris, 2003, ISBN 2914205023, or Marc Theleri, « Initiation à la force de frappe française, 1945-2010 », Stock, Paris, 1997 ISBN 2234047005, il est imaginé des vols kamikaze jusqu’aux cibles soviétiques but equally return flights with planification de zones de crash et abandon de l’équipage au-dessus the countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Strategic Air Forces Command」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|